This is a list of Confederate monuments and memorials in Mississippi that were established as public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. Part of the commemoration of the American Civil War, these symbols include monuments and statues, flags, holidays and other observances, and the names of schools, roads, parks, bridges, counties, cities, lakes, dams, military bases, and other public works.[note 1]
There are at least 131 public spaces with Confederate monuments in Mississippi.[1]
State capitol
Confederate Monument, Mississippi Department of Archives and History Building, dedicated June 1891.[2][3][4] In front of the Old Capitol Museum. Unusual in that a former slave and Republican member of the legislature, John F. Harris, spoke passionately in favor of it, while some whites spoke against it. "Every colored member voted 'Aye'."[4]
Women of the Confederacy Monument (1917), on south side of Capitol grounds. Cost was $20,000, sculpted by Belle Marshall Kinney. "The monument features two female figures and one male figure, a wounded and dying soldier. To the left of the soldier, a sympathetic woman is presenting a palm of glory to the soldier, a symbol of triumph even in death. Above both the soldier and the woman stands 'Fame'. She, in turn, is placing a wreath on the head of the woman in recognition of her contribution to the Confederate cause. Below the bronze figures are four inscriptions facing each direction, and dedicated to 'our' mothers, daughters, sisters and wives. On the southern face, which is the front of the monument, is a quote from Jefferson Davis which, among other virtues, praises the women 'whose pious ministrations to our wounded soldiers soothed the last hours of those who died far from the objects of their tenderest love.'"[5]
State symbols
Various state insignia incorporate the 1984–2020 state flag
Corinth: Col. William P. Rogers statue (1895, moved to grounds of Alcorn County courthouse 1920)[10]
De Kalb: Confederate Monument on courthouse grounds[11]
Ellisville: Jones County Courthouse and Confederate Monument
Greenville: Confederate Monument (1909), erected by United Daughters of the Confederacy. One face: "For those who encountered the perils of war in the defense of the sacred cause of states rights and constitutional government. // Jefferson Davis." Another side: "The sublimest word in the English language is duty. // Robert E. Lee // No brave battle for truth and right was ever fought in vain. // Randolph H. M'Kim." Another side: "It is due the truth of history that the fundamental principles for which our fathers contended should be often reiterated in order that the purpose which inspired them may be correctly estimated and the purity of their motives be abundantly vindicated. // Charles B. Galloway"
Oxford: "Oxford is one of the few small Southern towns with two Confederate monuments. It was a compromise between two factions of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, one group wanting the statue placed on Courthouse Square, the other arguing that it should be on the campus of the University of Mississippi."[12]Confederate Monument (1907). Artist: John A. Stinson. Figure of Confederate soldier at parade rest, facing south. Furled Confederate flag.[13]
Beauvoir, the post-war home of Jefferson Davis, contains many monuments including:
President Jefferson Davis and Sons (2008), a life-size bronze statue by sculptor Gary Casteel and commissioned by the Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the birth of Jefferson Davis.[17][18][19] The statue features Davis standing with his arms around both his son Joe, and Jim Limber, a mixed-race stepchild of the Davis family who the SVC called "a person lost in history by revisionist historians, who felt his existence would impair their contrived notions of Davis".[18] The SCV first offered the statue to the American Civil War Center at the Tredegar Iron Works in Richmond, Virginia in order to balance the importance of a statue already located there depicting Lincoln with his son while they visited the burned-out Confederate capital in 1865.[18][19] When the center would not "guarantee where or whether the statue would be displayed or explain how it might be interpreted", the SCV rescinded its offer.[18] The statue was eventually placed at the SVC-managed Jefferson Davis Presidential Library and Museum at Beauvoir in 2010.[17]
Brookhaven: Confederate Monument, Rose Hill Cemetery[11]
To Our Confederate Dead 1861-1865. In University Circle, at the intersection of University Ave. "Oxford is one of the few small Southern towns with two Confederate monuments. It was a compromise between two factions of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, one group wanting the statue placed on Courthouse Square, the other arguing that it should be on the campus of the University of Mississippi."[27] Erected 1906 by Albert Sidney Johnston Chapter 379 U.D.C. In 2019, the Faculty Senate of the university unanimously requested that the statue be removed. Organizations representing undergraduate and graduate students and staff also requested its removal. Despite this, the process of getting approval for its removal was described as "daunting". According to Brice Noonan, Chair of the Faculty Senate, "A number of faculty have left this university because they just don't feel safe or comfortable here. It's the first thing you see when you drive onto campus. It's not welcoming.”[28]
Longstreet Hall, University of Mississippi, named for Augustus Baldwin Longstreet, president of the University during the Civil War, a defender of secession and slavery, long-time friend of John C. Calhoun, mentor of his nephew James Longstreet, a leading Confederate general and aide to Robert E. Lee.
George Hall, named for James Z. George, Confederate politician and colonel in the Confederate Army, later U. S. Senator.
In Ventress Hall there is "an original Tiffanystained glass window [which] depicts a mustering of the University Greys, a company of University of Mississippi students and faculty who fought in the Civil War."[29]
Pontotoc: Confederate Monument in town square, dedicated in 1919,[30] or the 1930s[31]
Port Gibson: Claiborne County's Tribute to Her Sons Who Served in the War of 1861–65. (1906)
Vicksburg National Military Park: Missouri Monument, one of two state memorials on the battlefield dedicated to soldiers of both armies, located where two opposing Missouri regiments clashed in battle, dedicated on October 17, 1917, during the National Peace Jubilee.
The name "Ole Miss" itself was how slaves once addressed the mistress of the plantation.[45][46][47] It can be found on campus, on signs, sweatshirts, and in the football cheer.
Various plaques have been installed and modified to try and contextualize the school's history.
Lamar Hall (1977) memorializes Lucius Q. C. Lamar, a slaveholder who drafted the Mississippi's order of secession and funded his own CSA regiment. Post-war, he agitated for white supremacy, such as a speech before the 1875 election which he said "involved the supremacy of the unconquered and unconquerable Saxon race,"[40]
Rolling Fork: Sharkey Issaquena Academy (private school). The school's athletic teams are nicknamed the "Confederates."[41]
^"In an effort to assist the efforts of local communities to re-examine these symbols, the SPLC launched a study to catalog them. For the final tally, the researchers excluded nearly 2,600 markers, battlefields, museums, cemeteries and other places or symbols that are largely historical in nature."[1]
^In May 1970 the memorial was hit by a truck and destroyed. The money from the insurance company was not sufficient to restore it. Widener, p. viii
^"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Pototoc Historic District". National Park Service. United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved May 19, 2017. C Confederate Monument 1930's Confederate Monument located in the center of the park. Monument consists of a stone statue of a Confederate soldier resting on a high stone pedestal. The soldier faces south, towards the courthouse.
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