List of Jewish diaspora languages

This is a list of languages and groups of languages that developed within Jewish diaspora communities through contact with surrounding languages.^[1]

• Kayla^[2]
• Qwara^[3]

• Judeo-Arabic^[1]

• Judeo-Algerian Arabic
• Judeo-Andalusi Arabic (extinct)
• Judeo-Egyptian Arabic
• Judeo-Iraqi Arabic
  • Jewish Baghdadi Arabic
• Judeo-Levantine Arabic (extinct)
  • Judeo-Syrian Arabic
  • Modern Judeo-Palestinian Arabic^[4]
• Judeo-Moroccan Arabic
• Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic
• Judeo-Tunisian Arabic
• Judeo-Yemeni Arabic

• Karaite Egyptian Arabic, based on old Egyptian Arabic^[5]

• Judeo-Aramaic^[1][6]

• Hulaulá (Persian Kurdistani Jewish Neo-Aramaic)^[7]
• Jewish Palestinian Aramaic (extinct)

• Galilean dialect (extinct)

• Lishana Deni (Zakho Jewish Neo-Aramaic)^[7]
• Lishan Didan (Persian Azerbaijani Jewish Neo-Aramaic)^[7]
• Lishanid Noshan (Arbil Jewish Neo-Aramaic)

• Judeo-Berber^[1] (a group of different Jewish Berber languages and their dialects)

• Judeo-Malay (extinct)

• Judeo-Malayalam^[1]

(both written in local alphabets)

• Jewish English Languages
• Lachoudisch (extinct)
• Lotegorisch (extinct)^[8]
• Yiddish^[1]
  • Eastern Yiddish
  • Western Yiddish

• Judeo-Gujarati^[9]
• Judeo-Hindustani^[10][11]
• Judeo-Marathi^[11]
• Judeo-Urdu

• Judeo-Bukharic (Bukhari, Bukhori, Judeo-Tajik)^[12] (with some city koinés, e.g., Judeo-Tajik koiné of Samarkand)
• Judeo-Golpaygani^[12] (possibly extinct)
• Judeo-Hamedani^[12] (possibly extinct)
• Judeo-Kashani
• Judeo-Persian (Dzhidi, Jidi)^[12]
• Judeo-Shirazi^[12][13]
• Judeo-Tat (Juhuri)^[14]

• Judeo-Latin (extinct or evolved into Judeo-Romance languages)

• Judeo-Aragonese (extinct, but have some impact on Judeo-Spanish citylect of Skopje)^{[citation needed]}

• Judeo-Navarro-Aragonese with a significant Jewish koiné of Tudela (extinct)^{[citation needed]}

• Judeo-Asturleonese (extinct, but still have some lexical traces in Judeo-Spanish)^{[citation needed]}
• Judeo-French (Zarphatic):^[1] a group of Jewish northern oïl languages and their dialects (extinct)
• Judeo-Portuguese^[1] (almost extinct, still preserved in small communities of Portugal, Northern Africa and the Netherlands) and Judeo-Galician (extinct)^{[citation needed]}
• Judeo-Provençal^[1] (extinct)
• Judeo-Sicilian^[15] (including the zone of so-called Meridionali Estremi (Far Southern) dialects of Sicily, Calabria and Apulia, including Judeo-Salentino of Corfu) (extinct or almost extinct)^{[citation needed]}

• Judeo-Gascon

• Judeo-Provencal
  • Judeo-Niçard

Source:^[1]

• Haketia
• Tetuani

• Judeo-Ferrarese† (Giudeo-Ferrarese) in Ferrara^[16]
• Judeo-Modenese† (Giudeo-Modenese) in Modena^[16]
• Judeo-Pitigliano/ Judeo-Pitgilianese† (Giudeo-Pitigliano/ Giudeo-Pitgiliananese) in Tuscany^[16]
• Judeo-Salentinian† (Giudeo-Salentino) In Salentino^[16]
• Judeo-Resan† (Giudeo-Resab) in the region of Reggio Emilia of Emilia-Romagna^[16]
• Judeo-Torinese† (Giudeo-Torinese) in Turin^[17]
• Judeo-Italian of Lugo Di Romanga† (Giudeo-italiano di Lugo Di Romanga) in Lugo Di Romanga^[18]
• Judeo-Italian of Moncalvo† (Giudeo-italiano di Moncalvo) in Moncalvo^[18]
• Judeo-Italian of Casale Monferrato† (Giudeo-italiano di Casale Monferrato) in Casale Monferrato^[18]
• Judeo-Italian of Finale Emilia† (Giudeo-italiano di Finale Emilia) in Finale Emilia^[18]
• Judeo-Roman (Giudeo-Romanesco) in Rome^[19]

• Bagitto/Judeo-Livornese† (Bagitto/Giudeo-Livornese) in Livorno^[19]
• Judeo-Florentine† (Giudeo-Fiorentino) in Florence^[19]

• Judeo-Venetian† (Giudeo-Veneziano) in Venice^[19]
• Judeo-Triestine† (Giudeo-Triestino) in Trieste^[19]
• Judeo-Veronese† (Giudeo-Veronese) in Verona^[19]

• Judeo-Reggiano† (Giudeo-Reggiano) in Reggio Emilia^[19]
• Judeo-Piedmontese† (Giudeo-Piemontese) in the region of Piedmont^[19]
• Judeo-Mantuan† (Giudeo-Mantovano) in Mantua^[19]

• Judeo-Czech (Knaanic)^[20][21] (extinct)
• Judeo-Greek (Romaniyot, Yevanic)^[1]

• Judeo-Sicilian Greek (extinct)^{[citation needed]}

• Judeo-Koiné Greek (extinct)

• Judeo-Georgian^[1][22]
• Judeo-Mingrelian (first of all — so called Zugdidi–Samurzakano dialect of Mingrelian,^[23] e.g. Bandza and Senaki Jews in Western Georgia, but the tendency is to switch to Judeo-Georgian or to standard Georgian)^[22] (almost extinct)

• Judeo-Azerbaijani (dialect of previously Aramaic-speaking Jews of Miyandoab)^{[citation needed]}
• Judeo-Crimean Tatar (Krymchak)^[24] (almost extinct)
• Judeo-Turkish^[25] (Influenced the Krymchak and some of Karaim languages, or even was the origin of some of them)
• Karaim^[1] (almost extinct, most likely a group of separate Turkic languages with Kypchak and Oghuz traces With Hebrew words)^{[citation needed]}

• Judaeo-Papiamento^[26]
• Judeo-Manado Malay (extinct)^[27]

• Jewish languages