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List of most-produced aircraft

This is a list of the most-produced aircraft types whose numbers exceed or exceeded 5,000. Any and all types of aircraft qualify, including airplanes, airships, balloons, gliders (sailplanes), helicopters, etc.

Most-produced aircraft

Notes

  • Unless noted, aircraft are piston-engined monoplanes.
  • Role is generally either the original designed role of the aircraft or the role dominated production, disregarding minor variants. Aircraft may be categorized as "Multirole" if no particular role was dominant.
  • Production period column shows overall production date span of all types included in "Numbers produced" column, disregarding production hiatuses and changes in manufacturer, while including close variants and licensed production.
  • a  pale-green background  indicates aircraft still in production.
Name Civil / Military Type / role Number
produced 		Country
of origin 		Production period Notes
Start End
Cessna 172 C Utility / trainer 44,000+[1]  United States 1956 present Also built in France by Reims Aviation.
Ilyushin Il-2 M Ground-attack 36,183  Soviet Union 1941 1945
Messerschmitt Bf 109 M Fighter 34,852  Germany 1936 1958 Most-produced fighter and single-seat aircraft. Also built in Hungary, Romania, Spain, Czechoslovakia and Switzerland.
Piper PA-28 series C Utility / trainer 32,778+  United States 1960 present Sold as Cherokee, Cherokee Warrior, Cherokee Pathfinder, Warrior, Archer, Dakota, Cadet, and Pilot.
Cessna 150 / 152 C Utility / trainer 31,471[2]  United States 1958 1986 Most-produced two-seat civil aircraft. Also built in France (both models) and Argentina (150 only). 23,887 150s, 7,584 152s.[3]
Cessna 182 C Utility 23,237+  United States 1956 present Also built in France.
Supermarine Spitfire/Seafire M Fighter 22,685  United Kingdom 1938 1948 20,351 of total were land-based Spitfires. The first Seafires were Spitfires modified with tailhooks.
Piper J-3 Cub C Utility / trainer 20,191[4]  United States 1938 1947 Most-produced fabric-covered monoplane. Includes military variants such as L-4, O-59, TG-8 and NE. 150 built in Canada.
Focke-Wulf Fw 190 M Fighter 20,051  Germany 1939 1945 64 produced in post-WWII France as the "NC 900".
Polikarpov Po-2 M Biplane, multirole 20,000[5] to
30,000[6] 		 Soviet Union 1928 1952[6] Most-produced biplane. Used for training, reconnaissance, liaison, and ground-attack. Also built in Poland.
Beechcraft Bonanza C Utility 18,542 (at end of 2023)[7][8][9]  United States 1947 present Longest continuous production run of any airplane in history.[10][11][12] Includes Debonair variant; excludes dissimilar Twin Bonanza.[13]
Consolidated B-24 Liberator M Heavy bomber 18,482[14]  United States 1940 1945 Most-produced heavy bomber and multi-engine aircraft. Includes 962 built by Douglas,[15] 6,792 by Ford Motor Company and 966 by North American. Does not include related PB4Y-2 Privateer.[14]
Antonov An-2 / An-3 C Biplane, utility / agricultural 18,000+  Soviet Union 1947 2009 Most-produced transport; longest production run of any transport aircraft. Also built in China and Poland.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 M Jet fighter 18,000+  Soviet Union 1947 1950s Most-produced jet. Also 3,454 built in Czechoslovakia; 727 in Poland; and an unknown number in China.
Mil Mi-8/Mi-17 M Helicopter, utility 17,000+  Soviet Union 1961 present Most-produced helicopter.
Yakovlev Yak-9 M Fighter 16,769[16]  Soviet Union 1942 1948
Douglas DC-3 C/M Airliner / transport 16,079  United States 1935 1952 Designed pre-war as civilian transport. 607 built as civil airliners; 15,472 built as military transports, including the Soviet Lisunov Li-2 and Japanese Nakajima L2D; after World War II, most were converted into civil airliners or freighters.
Bell UH-1 Iroquois M Helicopter, utility 16,000+  United States 1959 1987
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt M Fighter 15,660[17]  United States 1942 1945
North American P-51 Mustang M Fighter 15,586  United States 1940 1951 Excluding North American F-82 Twin Mustang and other derivatives.
North American T-6 Texan M Trainer 15,495  United States 1937 1950s Also known as SNJ and Harvard. Also built in Canada.
Junkers Ju 88 M Multirole 15,183

[18][page needed]

 Germany 1939 1945 Luftwaffe multirole bomber, heavy fighter and reconnaissance aircraft.
Hawker Hurricane M Fighter 14,487  United Kingdom 1937 1944 Including production in Canada and a few built in Belgium and Yugoslavia.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 M Jet fighter 13,996  Soviet Union 1959 1985 Most-produced supersonic aircraft. According to the Guinness Book Of Records, it is the most-produced jet-powered military aircraft.[19] Also built in China, Czechoslovakia and India.
Waco CG-4 M Glider, military 13,903+  United States 1942 1945 Most-produced glider. Many licensed manufacturers.
Curtiss P-40 Warhawk M Fighter 13,738[20]  United States 1939 1944
Chotia Weedhopper C Ultralight 13,000+  United States 1977 2012 Most-produced ultralight.
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress M Heavy bomber 12,731  United States 1937 1945 3,000 built by Douglas,[15] also produced by Lockheed Vega.
Vought F4U Corsair M Fighter 12,571  United States 1941 1952 Most-produced carrier aircraft. Many built as Goodyear FG or Brewster F3A.[21] Longest production run of any U.S. piston-engined fighter.
Grumman F6F Hellcat M Fighter 12,275  United States 1942 1945
Boeing 737 C Jet airliner 11,925+[22]  United States 1967 present Most-produced jet-powered civilian aircraft. Includes the original, Classic, NG, and MAX models, as well as military variants such as the C-40 and P-8.[citation needed]
Airbus A320 family C Jet airliner 11,865+[23][24] European multinational 1988 present Consists of the A318, A319, A320 and A321. Designed and built in France, Germany, Spain and the UK, with additional assembly in China and the U.S.
Vultee BT-13 Valiant M Trainer 11,537  United States 1939 1947
Vickers Wellington M Medium bomber 11,462[25]  United Kingdom 1936 1945
Petlyakov Pe-2 M Dive bomber 11,427  Soviet Union 1939 1945 Most-produced dive bomber of any type – a twin-engined design.
Avro 504 M Biplane, bomber / trainer 11,303[26]  United Kingdom 1913 1940[27] Most-produced World War I aircraft design. Includes Japanese and Soviet production.
Avro Anson M Multirole 11,020[28]  United Kingdom 1935 1952 Also built in Canada.[28]
Mooney M20 C Utility 11,000+  United States 1955 2019
Mitsubishi A6M Zero M Fighter 10,939  Japan 1940 1945
Piper Pacer C Utility / trainer 10,610[29][30]  United States 1950 1964 Includes PA-20 Pacer and PA-22 Tri-Pacer and Colt.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 M Jet fighter 10,367  Soviet Union 1951 1986 Also built in Poland and China; many built as the Shenyang J-5 / JJ-5.
Polikarpov I-16 M Fighter 10,292[31]
[verification needed] 		 Soviet Union 1934 1943 Also manufactured in Spain and China.
Piper PA-18 Super Cub C Utility / trainer 10,222[32]  United States 1949 1983 Includes military variants such as L-18 and L-21.
Lockheed P-38 Lightning M Fighter 10,037  United States 1941 1945 Two-engined twin-boom design.
Aeronca Champion C Utility / trainer 10,000+  United States 1946 2019[33] Includes military L-16. Several changes in manufacturer.
DFS SG 38 Schulgleiter M Glider, trainer 10,000~[34]  Germany 1938 1944
North American B-25 Mitchell M Medium bomber 9,984  United States 1939 1945
Lavochkin La-5 M Fighter 9,920  Soviet Union 1942 1944
North American F-86 Sabre / FJ Fury M Jet fighter 9,860  United States 1947 1956 Also built in Australia and Canada.
Grumman TBF Avenger M Torpedo bomber 9,836[35][36]  United States 1941 1945 Includes 7,546 built as TBM Avenger by General Motors.[36]
Bell P-39 Airacobra M Fighter 9,584  United States 1938 1944
Cessna 210 C Utility 9,240  United States 1957 1986
Beechcraft Model 18 C Utility/ Multi-engine trainer 9,000+  United States 1937 1970 Includes military variants such as C-45, AT-7, and SNB.
Airspeed Oxford M Trainer 8,751[5]  United Kingdom 1937 1945 Several manufacturers.
Yakovlev Yak-1 M Fighter 8,734[37]  Soviet Union 1940 1944
Boeing-Stearman Model 75 M Biplane, trainer 8,584[38]  United States 1934 1942
Cessna 206 C Utility 8,509+ or 7,783+[citation needed]  United States 1962 present Includes models 205 and 207.
SPAD S.XIII M Biplane, fighter 8,472  France 1917 1918 Most-produced World War I fighter aircraft design.
La Mouette Atlas C Hang glider 8,000+  France 1979 present Most-produced hang glider.
Grumman F4F Wildcat M Fighter 7,885[39]  United States 1937 1943 Includes about 5,600 built as FM Wildcat by General Motors.[40]
Piper PA-32 C Utility 7,842+  United States 1965 2007 Enlarged PA-28 sold as Cherokee Six and Saratoga.
Breguet 14 M Reconnaissance, Medium bomber 7,800  France 1916 1928 2,300 built after WWI.
de Havilland Mosquito M Multirole 7,781  United Kingdom 1940 1950 Also built in Australia and Canada.
Cirrus SR22 C Utility / trainer 7,737+[41][42]  United States 2001 present Most-produced aircraft made of composite material; most-produced aircraft with production period starting in the 21st century. Developed from Cirrus SR20.
Fairchild PT-19 M Trainer 7,700+[43][better source needed]  United States 1938 1948 Includes variants PT-23 and PT-26. Also built in Canada and Brazil.
Cessna 120 and 140 C Utility / trainer 7,664[44][45]  United States 1946 1950 Developed into Cessna 150.
Republic F-84 Thunderjet M Jet fighter-bomber 7,524  United States 1946 1953 Excludes swept-wing F-84F / RF-84F derivatives.
Douglas DB-7 (A-20 Havoc) M Multirole 7,478[46]  United States 1938 1944 Includes 380 built by Boeing.[47]
Avro Lancaster M Heavy bomber 7,377  United Kingdom 1942 1945 Includes 430 built under licence in Canada.
Bell 206 JetRanger C Helicopter, utility / trainer 7,340+  United States 1966 2017 Also made in Canada and Italy.
Heinkel He 111 M Medium bomber 7,300  Germany 1935 1944 Also built in Spain as the CASA C.2111.
Yakovlev UT-2 M Trainer 7,243  Soviet Union 1936 1944
Curtiss SB2C Helldiver M Dive bomber 7,140  United States 1940 1945 900 built as A-25; 1,194 built in Canada.[48] Most-produced single-engine dive bomber.
de Havilland Tiger Moth C Biplane, trainer 7,105  United Kingdom 1931 1944 Also built in Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
Beechcraft Baron C Utility / Multi-engine trainer 7,004+ (at end of 2023)[7][49][50]  United States 1961 present Includes 55, 56, 58, and T-42A; excludes related Travel Air.[51][52][49][50]
Eurocopter AS350 C Utility helicopter 7,000+[53]  France 1975 present
Polikarpov R-5 M Reconnaissance / bomber 7,000  Soviet Union 1928 1937
Piper PA-23 C Utility / Multi-engine trainer 6,976[54]  United States 1952 1981 Sold as Apache and Aztec.
Robinson R44 C Helicopter, utility / trainer 6,866+[41][42]  United States 1993 present Most-produced reciprocating engine helicopter. Developed from Robinson R22.
Curtiss JN-4 M Biplane, trainer 6,813  United States 1915 1927
Polikarpov I-15 M Biplane, fighter 6,750[55]  Soviet Union 1933 1940 Also built in Spain.
Tupolev SB M Bomber 6,656  Soviet Union 1936 1941 Also built in Czechoslovakia.
Ilyushin Il-28 M Medium bomber 6,635+  Soviet Union 1949 1955 Also built in China and Czechoslovakia.
Yakovlev Yak-18 M Trainer 6,630+[56]  Soviet Union 1946 1960s Also produced in Hungary and China. Production claims vary from 6,168 including 125 Yak-18P and 25 -18PM[57] to 6,630 excluding P and PM.[56] Both exclude unrelated Yak-18T.
Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star M Jet trainer 6,557  United States 1948 1959 Also built in Canada by Canadair.
Yakovlev Yak-7 M Fighter / trainer 6,399[58]  Soviet Union 1940 1943
Airco DH.4 M Biplane, Bomber 6,295[59]  United Kingdom 1916 1926 1,449 in the UK[60] and 4,846 (as the DH-4) in the US.[61]
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 M Fighter 6,258  Soviet Union 1941 1942
Ilyushin Il-10 M Ground-attack 6,226  Soviet Union 1944 1954 Also built in Czechoslovakia as the Avia B-33 / CB-33.
Cessna 180 C Utility 6,193[62]  United States 1953 1981 Developed into Cessna 182.
Handley Page Halifax M Heavy bomber 6,176[63]  United Kingdom 1940 1946
Messerschmitt Bf 110 M Heavy / night fighter 6,150  Germany 1936 1945 Twin-engined design. Most sources state 6,000 to 6,150 produced.
Junkers Ju 87 M Dive bomber 6,000  Germany 1935 1944
Sopwith 1½ Strutter M Biplane, multirole 5,939  United Kingdom 1917 1918 Majority built in France for French use.
Douglas SBD Dauntless M Dive bomber / scout 5,938[64]  United States 1940 1944 Includes A-24 Banshee variant.[64]
Bristol Beaufighter M Heavy fighter 5,928  United Kingdom 1940 1946 Also built in Australia.
Nakajima Ki-43 M Fighter 5,919[65]  Japan 1942 1945
Yokosuka K5Y M Biplane, trainer 5,770[5]  Japan 1934 1945
Lavochkin La-7 M Fighter 5,753  Soviet Union 1944 1946
Cessna 310 C Utility / Multi-engine trainer 5,737[66]  United States 1954 1980
Antonov A-1 M Glider, trainer 5,700  Soviet Union 1930 1940s
ERCO Ercoupe C Utility / trainer 5,685  United States 1940 1969 First civil aircraft with a nose wheel landing gear. Several changes in manufacturer.
Bell 47 C helicopter 5,600  United States 1946 1974 Produced under license by Agusta in Italy, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan, and Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 M Jet fighter 5,500[67]  Soviet Union 1954 1968 World's first mass-produced supersonic aircraft. 2,500 built in Soviet Union. Also built in China (~3,000) and Czechoslovakia.
Sopwith Camel M Biplane, fighter 5,497  United Kingdom 1917 1918
Mil Mi-2 M Helicopter, utility 5,497  Soviet Union 1965 1985 Built in Poland.
Cessna AT-17 Bobcat C/M Utility / Multi-engine trainer 5,422  United States 1939 1944 Includes civil T-50 and military variants such as UC-78, JRC, and Crane.
Bristol F.2 Fighter M Biplane, fighter 5,329  United Kingdom 1916 1927
Martin B-26 Marauder M Medium bomber 5,288  United States 1941 Not to be confused with unrelated Douglas B-26.
Stinson 108 C Utility / trainer 5,260[68]  United States 1946 1950
Ilyushin Il-4 M Medium bomber 5,256  Soviet Union 1942 1944
Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5 M Biplane, fighter 5,205  United Kingdom 1917 1918
McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II M Jet fighter-bomber 5,195[69]  United States 1958 1981 Includes 127 built in Japan by Mitsubishi.[69]
Cessna 170 C Utility / trainer 5,174[70]  United States 1948 1956 Developed into Cessna 172.
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 M Jet fighter 5,047  Soviet Union 1967 1985 Most-produced variable-sweep aircraft.
Piper PA-34 Seneca C Utility / Multi-engine trainer 5,037  United States 1971 2019 Also built in Poland and Brazil (PZL-Mielec M-20 Mewa and EMB-810).
Yakovlev Yak-12 M Multirole STOL 5,000+  Soviet Union 1946 1968 Also built in Poland and China (Chinese-produced name is Shenyang Type 5; production figure unknown?).
Grunau Baby IIb C Sailplane 5,000+[71]  Germany 1932 1945[72]
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk M Military helicopter 5,000+[73]  United States 1978 present S-70 family: UH-60A (1978–1989), UH-60L (1989-2007), UH-60M (2005-), SH-60 Seahawk (1979-), in Japan as Mitsubishi H-60 (1987-).

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Flight International, June 20, 2017, p. 24.
  2. ^ Simpson 1991, pp.94, 96-97
  3. ^ Simpson 1991, pp.94, 96-97
  4. ^ Peperell 1987, p. 30
  5. ^ a b c Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 280.
  6. ^ a b "Soviet Polikarpov U-2 bomber, trainer; Polikarpov Po-2 bomber, trainer". wwiivehicles.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. ^ a b "Beechcraft and Hawker Serialization List: 1945 thru 2023" (PDF). Textron Aviation. 2024.
  8. ^ Simpson, R.W. (1995). Airlife's General Aviation: A guide to Postwar General Aviation Manufacturers and their aircraft (2nd ed.). Airlife Publishing. pp. 75–77. ISBN 1-85310-577-5.
  9. ^ Pelletier 1995, p. 89.
  10. ^ Beechcraft (18 July 2015). "Beechcraft Bonanza". Beechcraft Company Facebook Page. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  11. ^ Clark, Anders (25 June 2015) "The Beechcraft A36 Bonanza" paragraph 4. Disciples of Flight. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  12. ^ Perdue, Scott (1 May 2007). "The Bonanza hits 60 Strong and Fast! Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine" paragraph 4. Plane and Pilot Magazine. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  13. ^ "Beechcraft Serialization - 1945 thru 2017" (PDF). beechcraft.com. Beechcraft Aircraft. 10 September 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-16. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  14. ^ a b Wegg 1990, p. 49.
  15. ^ a b Francillon 1988, p. 580.
  16. ^ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 77.
  17. ^ Bull 2004, p. 267.
  18. ^ Kay, Anthony L. (2004). Junkers Aircraft & Engines: 1913 to 1945. Pavilion Books. ISBN 0851779859. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  19. ^ "Highest production of military jet aircraft". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  20. ^ Murphy & McNiece 2009, p. 83.
  21. ^ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 404–407.
  22. ^ "Boeing: Orders and Deliveries (updated monthly)". boeing.com. Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  23. ^ "Airbus - Orders & Deliveries". Retrieved 9 January 2025.
  24. ^ Kaminski-Morrow, David. "Airbus A320-family deliveries pass 10,000 mark". Flightglobal. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  25. ^ Vickers Wellington Manual, page 29. Haynes Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-0-85733-230-1
  26. ^ "Avro 504".
  27. ^ "Avro 504 (Foreign Derivatives)".
  28. ^ a b Fredriksen 2001, p. 36.
  29. ^ Peperell 1987, p. 79
  30. ^ Peperell 1987, p. 83
  31. ^ "Soviet Polikarpov I-16 Rata fighter". wwiivehicles.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  32. ^ Peperell 1987, p. 71
  33. ^ "American Champion Aircraft Corporation: Champ". americanchampionaircraft.com. American Champion Aircraft Corporation. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2019. Discontinued: was a great run!
  34. ^ National Museum of the United States Air Force. "Schneider Schulgleiter SG 38". Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  35. ^ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 283.
  36. ^ a b Swanborough & Bowers 1976, p. 236.
  37. ^ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 66.
  38. ^ "Boeing Historical Snapshot: Stearman Kaydet Trainer". boeing.com. Boeing. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  39. ^ Hickman, Kennedy. "World War II: Grumman F4F Wildcat." Archived 2016-12-07 at the Wayback Machine at about.com. Retrieved 15 June 2010.
  40. ^ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 209–210.
  41. ^ a b General Aviation Manufacturers Association (2020). "2019 Databook" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  42. ^ a b "Quarterly Shipments and Billings – GAMA". gama.aero. Retrieved 2020-11-21..
  43. ^ "Warbird Alley: Fairchild PT-19 / PT-23 / PT-26 Cornell". www.warbirdalley.com. Retrieved 2016-08-07.
  44. ^ Plane and Pilot: 1978 Aircraft Directory, page 22. Werner & Werner Corp Publishing, 1978. ISBN 0-918312-00-0
  45. ^ Christy, Joe: The Complete Guide to the Single-Engine Cessnas – 3rd Edition, pages 12–17. TAB Books, 1979. ISBN 0-8306-2268-3
  46. ^ Francillon 1988, p. 293.
  47. ^ Francillon 1988, pp. 275, 279, 293.
  48. ^ Swanborough & Bowers 1976, pp. 151–152.
  49. ^ a b Baugher, Joe (February 9, 2023). "1965 USAF Serial Numbers". joebaugher.com. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
  50. ^ a b Baugher, Joe (July 18, 2023). "1966 USAF Serial Numbers". joebaugher.com. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
  51. ^ Cite error: The named reference SNList was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  52. ^ Simpson, R.W. (1995). Airlife's General Aviation: A guide to Postwar General Aviation Manufacturers and their aircraft (2nd ed.). Airlife Publishing. p. 77. ISBN 1-85310-577-5.
  53. ^ "Airbus delivers the 7,000th Ecureuil helicopter". Airbus. 8 July 2022. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  54. ^ Simpson 1991, pp.243-244
  55. ^ Polikarpov fighters at wio.ru. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  56. ^ a b Gordon, Komissarov & Komissarov 2005, pp. 267, 269.
  57. ^ Gunston & Gordon 1997, pp. 113–115.
  58. ^ Gunston & Gordon 1997, p. 70.
  59. ^ Jackson 1987, pp. 54, 58.
  60. ^ Jackson 1987, p. 54.
  61. ^ Jackson 1987, p. 58.
  62. ^ Simpson 1991, pp 99-100
  63. ^ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 284.
  64. ^ a b Francillon 1988, p. 576.
  65. ^ Angelucci & Matricardi 1977, p. 282.
  66. ^ Simpson 1991, pp. 106-107
  67. ^ Karsten Palt. "Mikojan Gurewitsch / Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-19". flugzeuginfo.net. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  68. ^ Wegg 1990, pp. 143–144.
  69. ^ a b Francillon 1990, p. 464.
  70. ^ Simpson 1991, p. 97
  71. ^ "Deutsches Museum – Flugwerft Schleißheim: Grunau Baby IIb (German)". Retrieved 2008-08-08.
  72. ^ Smithsonian - Grunau Baby II B-2
  73. ^ Ryan Finnerty (23 January 2023). "Sikorsky delivers 5,000th Black Hawk, with potential for new US orders". Flightglobal.

References

  • Angelucci, Enzo; Matricardi, Paolo (1977). World War II Airplanes. Vol. 2. Chicago, Illinois: Rand McNally and Company. ISBN 0-528-88171-X.
  • Bull, Stephen (2004). Encyclopedia of Military Technology and Innovation. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 1-57356-557-1. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  • Francillon, René (1988). McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920. Vol. I. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-428-4.
  • Francillon, René (1990). McDonnell Douglas Aircraft Since 1920. Vol. II. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-550-0.
  • Fredriksen, John C. (2001). International Warbirds: An Illustrated Guide to World Military Aircraft, 1914-2000. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-364-5.
  • Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitry; Komissarov, Sergey (2005). OKB Yakovlev: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-203-9.
  • Gunston, Bill; Gordon, Yefim (1997). Yakovlev Aircraft since 1924. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-872-0.
  • Jackson, A. J. (1987). De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 (Third ed.). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-802-X.
  • Murphy, Justin D.; McNiece, Matthew A. (2009). Military Aircraft, 1919-1945. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-498-1.
  • Peperell, Roger W; Smith, Colin M (1987). Piper Aircraft and their Forerunners. Tonbridge, Kent, England: Air-Britain. ISBN 0-85130-149-5.
  • Simpson, R.W. (1991). Airlife's General Aviation. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-194-X.
  • Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. (1976). United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 (2nd ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-968-5.
  • Wegg, John (1990). General Dynamics Aircraft and their Predecessors. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-833-X.
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