Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 24 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MED24 gene .[ 5]
Function
This gene encodes a component of the mediator complex (also known as TRAP, SMCC, DRIP, or ARC), a transcriptional coactivator complex thought to be required for the expression of almost all genes. The mediator complex is recruited by transcriptional activators or nuclear receptors to induce gene expression, possibly by interacting with RNA polymerase II and promoting the formation of a transcriptional pre-initiation complex. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[ 5]
Interactions
MED24 has been shown to interact with Estrogen receptor alpha ,[ 6] [ 7] Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 ,[ 7] [ 8] Calcitriol receptor [ 6] [ 8]
References
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000008838 – Ensembl , May 2017^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000017210 – Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ a b "Entrez Gene: THRAP4 thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 4" .^ a b Kitagawa H, Fujiki R, Yoshimura K, Mezaki Y, Uematsu Y, Matsui D, Ogawa S, Unno K, Okubo M, Tokita A, Nakagawa T, Ito T, Ishimi Y, Nagasawa H, Matsumoto T, Yanagisawa J, Kato S (Jun 2003). "The chromatin-remodeling complex WINAC targets a nuclear receptor to promoters and is impaired in Williams syndrome" . Cell . 113 (7): 905–17. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00436-7 PMID 12837248 . (Retracted, see doi :10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.008 , PMID 22464333 , Retraction Watch . If this is an intentional citation to a retracted paper, please replace {{retracted |...}} with {{retracted |...|intentional=yes}}. ) ^ a b Kang YK, Guermah M, Yuan CX, Roeder RG (Mar 2002). "The TRAP/Mediator coactivator complex interacts directly with estrogen receptors alpha and beta through the TRAP220 subunit and directly enhances estrogen receptor function in vitro" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 99 (5): 2642–7. Bibcode :2002PNAS...99.2642K . doi :10.1073/pnas.261715899 PMC 122401 PMID 11867769 . ^ a b Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, Gu W, Fondell JD, Yamamura S, Fu ZY, Zhang X, Qin J, Roeder RG (Mar 1999). "Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators" . Molecular Cell . 3 (3): 361–70. doi :10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3 PMID 10198638 .
Further reading
Gustafsson CM, Samuelsson T (Jul 2001). "Mediator--a universal complex in transcriptional regulation" . Molecular Microbiology . 41 (1): 1–8. doi :10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02481.x PMID 11454195 . S2CID 30224146 . Malik S, Roeder RG (May 2005). "Dynamic regulation of pol II transcription by the mammalian Mediator complex". Trends in Biochemical Sciences . 30 (5): 256–63. doi :10.1016/j.tibs.2005.03.009 . PMID 15896744 . Nagase T, Seki N, Tanaka A, Ishikawa K, Nomura N (Aug 1995). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IV. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0121-KIAA0160) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1". DNA Research . 2 (4): 167–74, 199–210. doi :10.1093/dnares/2.4.167 . PMID 8590280 . Fondell JD, Ge H, Roeder RG (Aug 1996). "Ligand induction of a transcriptionally active thyroid hormone receptor coactivator complex" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 (16): 8329–33. Bibcode :1996PNAS...93.8329F . doi :10.1073/pnas.93.16.8329 PMC 38670 PMID 8710870 . Rachez C, Suldan Z, Ward J, Chang CP, Burakov D, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Freedman LP (Jun 1998). "A novel protein complex that interacts with the vitamin D3 receptor in a ligand-dependent manner and enhances VDR transactivation in a cell-free system" . Genes & Development . 12 (12): 1787–800. doi :10.1101/gad.12.12.1787 . PMC 316901 PMID 9637681 . Yuan CX, Ito M, Fondell JD, Fu ZY, Roeder RG (Jul 1998). "The TRAP220 component of a thyroid hormone receptor- associated protein (TRAP) coactivator complex interacts directly with nuclear receptors in a ligand-dependent fashion" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 95 (14): 7939–44. Bibcode :1998PNAS...95.7939Y . doi :10.1073/pnas.95.14.7939 PMC 20908 PMID 9653119 . Gu W, Malik S, Ito M, Yuan CX, Fondell JD, Zhang X, Martinez E, Qin J, Roeder RG (Jan 1999). "A novel human SRB/MED-containing cofactor complex, SMCC, involved in transcription regulation" . Molecular Cell . 3 (1): 97–108. doi :10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80178-1 PMID 10024883 . Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, Gu W, Fondell JD, Yamamura S, Fu ZY, Zhang X, Qin J, Roeder RG (Mar 1999). "Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators" . Molecular Cell . 3 (3): 361–70. doi :10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3 PMID 10198638 . Rachez C, Lemon BD, Suldan Z, Bromleigh V, Gamble M, Näär AM, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Freedman LP (Apr 1999). "Ligand-dependent transcription activation by nuclear receptors requires the DRIP complex". Nature . 398 (6730): 824–8. Bibcode :1999Natur.398..824R . doi :10.1038/19783 . PMID 10235266 . S2CID 204992765 . Näär AM, Beaurang PA, Zhou S, Abraham S, Solomon W, Tjian R (Apr 1999). "Composite co-activator ARC mediates chromatin-directed transcriptional activation". Nature . 398 (6730): 828–32. Bibcode :1999Natur.398..828N . doi :10.1038/19789 . PMID 10235267 . S2CID 23646963 . Ryu S, Tjian R (Jun 1999). "Purification of transcription cofactor complex CRSP" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 96 (13): 7137–42. Bibcode :1999PNAS...96.7137R . doi :10.1073/pnas.96.13.7137 PMC 22029 PMID 10377381 . Zhang J, Fondell JD (Jul 1999). "Identification of mouse TRAP100: a transcriptional coregulatory factor for thyroid hormone and vitamin D receptors" . Molecular Endocrinology . 13 (7): 1130–40. doi :10.1210/mend.13.7.0295 PMID 10406464 . Taatjes DJ, Näär AM, Andel F, Nogales E, Tjian R (Feb 2002). "Structure, function, and activator-induced conformations of the CRSP coactivator". Science . 295 (5557): 1058–62. Bibcode :2002Sci...295.1058T . doi :10.1126/science.1065249 . PMID 11834832 . S2CID 23446878 . Surapureddi S, Yu S, Bu H, Hashimoto T, Yeldandi AV, Kashireddy P, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Qi C, Zhu YJ, Rao MS, Reddy JK (Sep 2002). "Identification of a transcriptionally active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha -interacting cofactor complex in rat liver and characterization of PRIC285 as a coactivator" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 99 (18): 11836–41. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9911836S . doi :10.1073/pnas.182426699 PMC 129355 PMID 12189208 . Wang Q, Sharma D, Ren Y, Fondell JD (Nov 2002). "A coregulatory role for the TRAP-mediator complex in androgen receptor-mediated gene expression" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 (45): 42852–8. doi :10.1074/jbc.M206061200 PMID 12218053 . Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Banks CA, Parmely TJ, Sorokina I, Brower CS, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (Dec 2003). "A mammalian homolog of Drosophila melanogaster transcriptional coactivator intersex is a subunit of the mammalian Mediator complex" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 (50): 49671–4. doi :10.1074/jbc.C300444200 PMID 14576168 . Tomomori-Sato C, Sato S, Parmely TJ, Banks CA, Sorokina I, Florens L, Zybailov B, Washburn MP, Brower CS, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (Feb 2004). "A mammalian mediator subunit that shares properties with Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediator subunit Cse2" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 279 (7): 5846–51. doi :10.1074/jbc.M312523200 PMID 14638676 .
