^Gould IV, William B. (2002). Diary of a Contraband: The Civil War Passage of a Black Sailor (paperback ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 362. ISBN0-8047-4708-3.
^"In Memoriam"(PDF). Organized Labor. Vol. 123, no. 12. San Francisco Building & Construction Trades Council. December 2023. p. 22.
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