The second Azarov government (Ukrainian: Другий уряд Миколи Азарова, Druhyi uriad Mykoly Azarova) was the government of Ukraine from 24 December 2012 to 28 January 2014.[1] It was dissolved amidst the Euromaidan protests.[2] The ministers (except Prime Minister Mykola Azarov who was replaced by Deputy Prime Minister Serhiy Arbuzov (ex officio),[3] continued briefly as a caretaker government.[3][4] On 27 February 2014 Ukraine's parliament approved a resolution to formally dismiss the government.[5]
On 9 December 2012, Yanukovych nominated Azarov for a new term as prime minister.[8] This nomination was approved by parliament on 13 December 2012.[9] According to Svoboda, that voted absolutely against Azarov, his appointment is illegal at least due to such technicality in the law of Ukraine which requires the president of Ukraine to be physically present in the session hall of parliament during his candidacy approval by the Verkhovna Rada.[10] The People's Deputy of Ukraine from the parliamentary faction UDAR, Iryna Herashchenko, stated that all political appointments that took place that day are a "political bribe" of the party of power (Party of Regions) to the Communist Party of Ukraine.[10] On 4 December 2012, nine days before the appointment of Azarov, a people's deputy of Ukraine from the Communist Party of Ukraine Spiridon Kilinkarov insisted on the political talk show Syohodni. Pro holovne on the Ukrainian television channel TVi that the communists absolutely will not vote for any candidates for the prime minister of Ukraine from the Party of Regions.[11] On 13 December, absolutely all members of the Communist Party of Ukraine voted as one for the candidacy of Mykola Azarov as the Prime Minister of Ukraine.
On 24 December 2012, the second Azarov government was appointed by president Yanukovych (Presidential Ukase #726/2012[12]).[1] The coalition of Party of Regions and Ukraine – Forward! as it is now in the government was foreseen and mentioned by the Ukrainian television studio Kvartal 95 in October 2012 in one of their episodes of Evening quarter.[13]
According to Anders Åslund, the government faced three big tasks: to govern, to break Ukraine's foreign isolation and to salvage the country from a vulnerable financial situation.[14] In December 2012, he observed "little reason to believe that it can solve any of these three tasks".[14]
Communist Party faction leader Petro Symonenko stated on 28 December 2012 that the Communist Party of Ukraine and the Party of Regions had not concluded any agreements concerning the Communist support of Mykola Azarov's candidacy for the post of Prime Minister but that his party had supported this nomination because Azarov had told them his government was ready to implement the program on Ukraine's accession to the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia.[15] Symonenko added that should Azarov fail to fulfill the promise of Ukraine's joining this customs union, the Communists would initiate his resignation.[15]
After weeks of Euromaidan protests, and clashes, during which civilians were killed, Prime Minister Azarov offered his letter of resignation on 28 January 2014.[18] According to his cabinet, Azarov was quoted saying that "In order to create additional opportunities for socio-political compromise, for the sake of the peaceful settlement of the conflict, I have made a personal decision to ask the Ukrainian president to accept my resignation from the post of Ukrainian prime minister".[19] Under the Ukrainian constitution this meant the whole government had resigned.[3] The president subsequently accepted the resignation and signed a decree dismissing the cabinet, which decree would not take effect until the Verhovna Rada approved a new cabinet. Hence the second Azarov government continued as a caretaker government.[3] Prime Minister Azarov was replaced by deputy prime minister Serhiy Arbuzov.[3] But under Ukrainian law the cabinet could be able to implement its duties for no more than 60 days.[4]
On 23 February 2014 the Verkhovna Rada dismissed the Minister of Healthcare Raisa Bohatyriova.[31] It also dismissed the Minister of Education and Science Dmytro Tabachnyk[32] On 24 February 2014 (revoted on 24 February) Minister of Foreign Affairs Leonid Kozhara was dismissed by parliament[33] and parliament a decision to dismiss the Minister of Social Policy Natalia Korolevska and the Minister of Culture Leonid Novokhatko.[34]
On 27 February 2014 Ukraine's parliament approved a resolution to dismiss the government.[5] They immediately followed it by the appointment of the new cabinet members of the Yatsenyuk government.[35]
Achievements
In December 2013 the IMF stated that the Ukrainian government's policy mix had "generated large external and fiscal imbalances" and that this had "contributed to deepening the recession in the country".[36]
Composition
When the cabinet took oath 24 December 2012; till 5 February 2013 the posts of Minister of Culture and Minister of Industrial policy were vacant.[37][38] On 28 February 2013 President Viktor Yanukovych reorganized the Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sports and the State Service for Youth and Sports, creating a Ministry of Education and the (new) Ministry of Youth and Sports.[39] On 2 July 2013 Oleksandr Lavrynovych was elected as member of the Supreme Council of Justice of Ukraine.[40]Olena Lukash replaced Lavrynovych as Justice Minister 2 days later.[41]
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