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Dequalinium is a quaternary ammonium cation and bolaamphiphile commonly available as the dichloride salt. It is useful as an antiseptic and disinfectant. The bromide, iodide, acetate, and undecenoate salts are known as well. Dequalinium chloride is the active ingredient of several medications.
The dequalinium dication is symmetrical, containing two quaternary quinolinium units linked by an N-decylene chain.
Medical uses
Dequalinium chloride 0.25 mg is available as an over-the-counterthroat lozenge under brand names such as Dequadin and SP Troche. Mouthwash and buccal sprays at 0.5 % concentration are also available.[3][unreliable medical source?] In this form is it used to treat minor infections of the mouth and throat. It can help with tonsillitis but is not effective in cases of streptococci infections.[4]
In Austria, dequalinium chloride is combined with bacitracin and diphenylpyraline in Eucillin "B", an antibiotic cream. This cream is the first dequalinium-containing product to enter Austria in 1967.[3]
Spectrum of activity
Dequalinium salts have broad bactericidal and fungicidal activity.[5] In OTC oral products containing a low concentration, the product is instead described as a bacteriostat.[citation needed]
Dequalinium salts may have antimalarial activities.[6]
^ abTischer M, Pradel G, Ohlsen K, Holzgrabe U (January 2012). "Quaternary ammonium salts and their antimicrobial potential: targets or nonspecific interactions?". ChemMedChem. 7 (1): 22–31. doi:10.1002/cmdc.201100404. PMID22113995. S2CID26326417.
^Babbs M, Collier HO, Austin WC, Potter MD, Taylor EP (February 1956). "Salts of decamethylene-bis-4-aminoquinaldinium (dequadin); a new antimicrobial agent". The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 8 (2): 110–119. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1956.tb12138.x. PMID13307403. S2CID30103639.
Further reading
Gamboa-Vujicic G, Emma DA, Liao SY, Fuchtner C, Manetta A (March 1993). "Toxicity of the mitochondrial poison dequalinium chloride in a murine model system". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 82 (3): 231–235. doi:10.1002/jps.2600820302. PMID8450414.
