Northern Romani dialects

Northern Romani
Northern Romani
Geographic; distribution	Baltic States, Belgium, Czech Republic, England, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Scotland, Sweden, Wales
Linguistic classification	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Romani Northern Romani; ; ; ;
Language codes
Glottolog	roma1330

Northern Romani dialects are a group of dialects of the Romani language spoken in various Northern, North-Western, North-Central and North-Eastern European countries.

The first grammatical outline of the Romani language was done on the Sinti variety.^[1]

Dialects

Elšík^[2] uses this classification and dialect examples (geographical information from Matras^[1]):

Sub-group	Dialect	Place
Kalá	Welsh Romani (Kalá)	Wales
Romanichal	Angloromani	England, Scotland
Kàlo	Finnish Kalo	Finland (only about a thousand speakers)^[1]
Northeastern	Lotfitko	Latvia^[3]
	Xaladytko	North Russian^[4]
	Lešaki	Poland
Sinto-Manuš	Prajstiko	Prussia^[5]
	Hameln Sinti	North Germany^[6]
	Marburg Sinti	West Germany
	Bohemian Sinti	Czech lands before World War II
	Hungarian Sinti	Hungary
	Westphalian Sinti	Northeastern Germany
	Auvergne Manuš	South Central France
	Piedmontese Sinti	Northwest Italy
	Lombardian Sinti	North Italy
	Venetian Sinti	Northeast Italy
Apennine	Abruzzian	Central Italy
	Calabrian	South Italy

^ ^a ^b ^c Matras, Yaron (2002). Romani: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-02330-0
^ Elšík, Viktor (1999). "Dialect variation in Romani personal pronouns" (PDF). p. 2. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
^ "ROMLEX: Romani Dialects". Romani.uni-graz.at. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
^ Bakker, Peter; Kiuchukov, Khristo (2000). "What is the Romani language? (Hertfordshire: University of Hertfordshire Press): p. 100. ISBN 1-902806-06-9
^ Elšík, Viktor (2005). ""Sintská a manušská romština: sociolingvistická situace, komunity mluvčích a dokumentace jejich jazyka"" (PDF). Ulug.ff.cuni.cz. p. 9. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
^ Elšík 2005: p. 10

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