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April 1921 lunar eclipse

April 1921 lunar eclipse
Total eclipse
The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateApril 22, 1921
Gamma0.4269
Magnitude1.0678
Saros cycle130 (29 of 72)
Totality40 minutes, 7 seconds
Partiality202 minutes, 2 seconds
Penumbral331 minutes, 54 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P14:58:21
U16:03:14
U27:24:12
Greatest7:44:17
U38:04:19
U49:25:16
P410:30:16
← October 1920
October 1921 →

A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Friday, April 22, 1921,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.0678. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring only about 5.6 days after perigee (on April 16, 1921, at 16:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]

This lunar eclipse was the third of an almost tetrad, with the others being on May 3, 1920 (total); October 27, 1920 (total); and October 16, 1921 (partial).

This was the first total lunar eclipse of Lunar Saros 130.

Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over much of North America and western South America, seen rising over northeast Asia and Australia and setting over eastern South America, western Europe, and west Africa.[3]

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

April 22, 1921 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.08154
Umbral Magnitude 1.06782
Gamma 0.42693
Sun Right Ascension 01h57m53.3s
Sun Declination +12°02'44.0"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'54.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 13h58m18.6s
Moon Declination -11°38'56.5"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'41.5"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°57'35.3"
ΔT 22.2 s

Eclipse season

See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of April 1921
April 8
Descending node (new moon)		 April 22
Ascending node (full moon)
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 118		 Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 130

Eclipses in 1921

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 130

Inex

Triad

Lunar eclipses of 1919–1922

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The penumbral lunar eclipse on March 13, 1922 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 1919 to 1922
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
110 1919 May 15
 Penumbral
 −1.0820 115 1919 Nov 07
 Partial
 0.9246
120 1920 May 03
 Total
 −0.3312 125 1920 Oct 27
 Total
 0.2502
130 1921 Apr 22
 Total
 0.4269 135 1921 Oct 16
 Partial
 −0.4902
140 1922 Apr 11
 Penumbral
 1.1228 145 1922 Oct 06
 Penumbral
 −1.2348

Saros 130

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 130, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on June 10, 1416. It contains partial eclipses from September 4, 1560 through April 12, 1903; total eclipses from April 22, 1921 through September 11, 2155; and a second set of partial eclipses from September 21, 2173 through May 10, 2552. The series ends at member 71 as a penumbral eclipse on July 26, 2678.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 35 at 101 minutes, 53 seconds on June 26, 2029. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]

Greatest First

The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2029 Jun 26, lasting 101 minutes, 53 seconds.[7] 		Penumbral Partial Total Central
1416 Jun 10
 1560 Sep 04
 1921 Apr 22
 1975 May 25
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
2083 Jul 29
 2155 Sep 11
 2552 May 10
 2678 Jul 26

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 137.

April 17, 1912 April 28, 1930

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "April 21–22, 1921 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)". timeanddate. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 1921 Apr 22" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  4. ^ "Total Lunar Eclipse of 1921 Apr 22". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 130". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  7. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 130
  8. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
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