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November 2021 lunar eclipse

November 2021 lunar eclipse
Partial eclipse
Partiality as viewed from Starkville, Mississippi at maximum, 9:03 UTC
DateNovember 19, 2021
Gamma−0.4552[1]
Magnitude0.9760[1]
Saros cycle126 (46 of 72[1])
Partiality208 minutes, 23 seconds[1]
Penumbral361 minutes, 29 seconds[1]
Contacts (UTC)
P16:02:09[1]
U17:18:41[1]
Greatest9:02:53[1]
U410:47:04[1]
P412:03:38[1]

A partial lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Friday, November 19, 2021,[2] with an umbral magnitude of 0.9760. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when one part of the Moon is in the Earth's umbra, while the other part is in the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 12 hours before apogee (on November 20, 2021, at 21:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[3]

This was the longest partial lunar eclipse since February 18, 1440, and the longest until February 8, 2669; however, many eclipses, including the November 2022 lunar eclipse, have a longer period of umbral contact at next to 3 hours 40 minutes.[4][5] It was often referred to as a "Beaver Blood Moon" although not technically fulfilling the criteria for a true blood moon (totality).

This lunar eclipse was the second of an almost tetrad, with the others being on May 26, 2021 (total); May 16, 2022 (total); and November 8, 2022 (total).

Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over northeast Asia, the Pacific Ocean, and North America, seen rising over east Asia and Australia and setting over South America.[6]


Visibility map

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[7]

November 19, 2021 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.07381
Umbral Magnitude 0.97595
Gamma −0.45525
Sun Right Ascension 15h39m50.9s
Sun Declination -19°32'33.1"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'11.0"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 03h40m24.8s
Moon Declination +19°09'15.5"
Moon Semi-Diameter 14'44.5"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°54'06.1"
ΔT 70.2 s

Eclipse season

See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of November–December 2021
November 19
Ascending node (full moon)
 December 4
Descending node (new moon)
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 126		 Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 152

Eclipses in 2021

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 126

Inex

Triad

Lunar eclipses of 2020–2023

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[8]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on January 10, 2020 and July 5, 2020 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 2020 to 2023
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
111
 2020 Jun 05
 Penumbral
 1.2406 116
 2020 Nov 30
 Penumbral
 −1.1309
121
 2021 May 26
 Total
 0.4774 126
 2021 Nov 19
 Partial
 −0.4553
131
 2022 May 16
 Total
 −0.2532 136
 2022 Nov 08
 Total
 0.2570
141
 2023 May 05
 Penumbral
 −1.0350 146
 2023 Oct 28
 Partial
 0.9472

Metonic series

Saros 126

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 126, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 18, 1228. It contains partial eclipses from March 24, 1625 through June 9, 1751; total eclipses from June 19, 1769 through November 9, 2003; and a second set of partial eclipses from November 19, 2021 through June 5, 2346. The series ends at member 70 as a penumbral eclipse on August 19, 2472.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 36 at 106 minutes, 27 seconds on August 13, 1859. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[9]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1859 Aug 13, lasting 106 minutes, 27 seconds.[10] Penumbral Partial Total Central
1228 Jul 18
 1625 Mar 24
 1769 Jun 19
 1805 Jul 11
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
1931 Sep 26
 2003 Nov 09
 2346 Jun 05
 2472 Aug 19

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
1803 Aug 03
(Saros 106) 		1814 Jul 02
(Saros 107) 		1825 Jun 01
(Saros 108) 		1836 May 01
(Saros 109) 		1847 Mar 31
(Saros 110)
1858 Feb 27
(Saros 111) 		1869 Jan 28
(Saros 112) 		1879 Dec 28
(Saros 113) 		1890 Nov 26
(Saros 114) 		1901 Oct 27
(Saros 115)
1912 Sep 26
(Saros 116) 		1923 Aug 26
(Saros 117) 		1934 Jul 26
(Saros 118) 		1945 Jun 25
(Saros 119) 		1956 May 24
(Saros 120)
1967 Apr 24
(Saros 121) 		1978 Mar 24
(Saros 122) 		1989 Feb 20
(Saros 123) 		2000 Jan 21
(Saros 124) 		2010 Dec 21
(Saros 125)
2021 Nov 19
(Saros 126) 		2032 Oct 18
(Saros 127) 		2043 Sep 19
(Saros 128) 		2054 Aug 18
(Saros 129) 		2065 Jul 17
(Saros 130)
2076 Jun 17
(Saros 131) 		2087 May 17
(Saros 132) 		2098 Apr 15
(Saros 133) 		2109 Mar 17
(Saros 134) 		2120 Feb 14
(Saros 135)
2131 Jan 13
(Saros 136) 		2141 Dec 13
(Saros 137) 		2152 Nov 12
(Saros 138) 		2163 Oct 12
(Saros 139) 		2174 Sep 11
(Saros 140)
2185 Aug 11
(Saros 141) 		2196 Jul 10
(Saros 142)

Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[11] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 133.

November 13, 2012 November 25, 2030

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j 2021 Nov 19 chart: Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
  2. ^ "November 18–19, 2021 Partial Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  3. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Longest partial eclipse in centuries bathes Moon in red". www.aljazeera.com. Aljazeera. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  5. ^ "What makes certain lunar eclipses so special? (Beginner) - Curious About Astronomy? Ask an Astronomer". curious.astro.cornell.edu. Cornell Astronomy. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  6. ^ "Partial Lunar Eclipse of 2021 Nov 19" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  7. ^ "Partial Lunar Eclipse of 2021 Nov 19". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  8. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  9. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 126". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  10. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 126
  11. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
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