2020 United States House of Representatives elections House elections for the 117th U.S. Congress
2020 United States House of Representatives elections
Results: Democratic hold Democratic gain Republican hold Republican gain
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 3, 2020, to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to the 117th United States Congress , as well as six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories . Special House elections were also held on various dates throughout 2020.
In the 2018 United States House of Representatives elections , the Democrats had won 235 seats. Leading up to the 2020 elections, the Democrats were projected by many polls to expand their majority by up to 15 seats due to the unpopularity of then-President Donald Trump . While Democrats ultimately retained control of the House following the 2020 elections, Republicans made a net gain of 14 seats[ 2] and the Democrats entered 2021 with a narrow 222–213 House majority.[ 3] [ 4] This was the first time since 2004 that the Republican Party made net gains in the House during a presidential election year. This led to Democrats' smallest majority since 1942. As of 2024, this remains the last time that the Democrats have won a majority in the United States House of Representatives .
Republicans exceeded expectations in the 2020 House elections, winning back a number of seats that they lost in 2018 while successfully defending competitive seats that Democrats had hoped to flip. No Republican incumbent was defeated for re-election, while 13 incumbent Democrats were ousted by Republicans; also, several successful Democratic candidates won by smaller-than-expected margins. Many have cited Trump's presence on the ballot as having fueled high Republican turnout,[ 3] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7] while others have emphasized the Republican Party's efforts to promote their female and minority candidates.[ 8] [ 9] [ 10] [ 11]
This constitutes the 11th election since the Civil War in which the victorious presidential party lost seats in the House, after the elections of 1868 , 1884 , 1892 , 1896 , 1908 , 1960 , 1988 , 1992 , 2000 , and 2016 .
Electoral system
Forty-seven states used the first-past-the-post voting plurality system to elect their representatives. Instant-runoff voting was used in one state (Maine) and runoff system was used in two states (Georgia and Louisiana).
Results summary
Federal
The 2020 election results are compared below to the November 2018 election, in which only 434 seats were filled (the election results in one constituency were voided). The results summary below does not include blank and over/under votes which were included in the official results.
↓
222
213
Democratic
Republican
Parties
Popular vote
Seats
Vote
%
Change
2018
2020
+/−
Strength
Democratic Party
77,122,690
50.3%
–3.1%
235
222
13
51.0%
Republican Party
72,466,576
47.2%
+2.4%
199
213
14
49.0%
Libertarian Party
1,100,639
0.7%
–
—
—
—
—
Independent
431,984
0.3%
–0.2%
—
—
—
—
Green Party
90,121
0.1%
–0.1%
—
—
—
—
Constitution Party
77,848
0.1%
–
—
—
—
—
Other parties
1,982,993
1.3%
+1.3%
—
—
—
—
Write-ins
158,554
0.1%
+0.1%
—
—
—
—
Totals
153,431,405
100.0%
—
434
435
1
100.0%
Source: [1] Election Statistics – Office of the Clerk
Per states
Popular vote
Democratic
50.81%
Republican
47.69%
Libertarian
0.72%
Green
0.06%
Other
0.72%
House seats
Democratic
51.0%
Republican
49.0%
Maps
Cartogram of results:
Popular vote by states
Results by margin
Retirements
Retiring incumbents by district Democratic incumbent ran Democratic incumbent retired or lost renomination Republican incumbent ran Republican incumbent retired or lost renomination Libertarian incumbent retired Vacant district
36 incumbents did not seek re-election either to retire or to seek other positions.
Democrats
Nine Democrats did not seek re-election.
California 53 : Susan Davis retired.
Hawaii 2 : Tulsi Gabbard retired to run for U.S. president .
Indiana 1 : Pete Visclosky retired.
Iowa 2 : Dave Loebsack retired.
Massachusetts 4 : Joe Kennedy III retired to run for U.S. senator .
New Mexico 3 : Ben Ray Luján retired to run for U.S. senator .
New York 15 : José Serrano retired.
New York 17 : Nita Lowey retired.
Washington 10 : Denny Heck retired to run for lieutenant governor of Washington .
Libertarians
One Libertarian did not seek re-election.
Michigan 3 : Justin Amash retired.
Republicans
26 Republicans did not seek re-election.
Resignations
Four incumbents resigned in 2020, all of them Republicans, with no special elections to fill the vacant seats before the November election.
Republicans
California 50 : Duncan Hunter resigned January 13 after pleading guilty to one count of misusing campaign funds. Seat won by Republican Darrell Issa .[ 12]
Georgia 14 : Tom Graves resigned October 4; he had initially planned to retire at the end of the term. Seat won by Republican Marjorie Taylor Greene .[ 13]
North Carolina 11 : Mark Meadows resigned March 30 to become White House Chief of Staff . Seat won by Republican Madison Cawthorn .[ 14]
Texas 4 : John Ratcliffe resigned May 22 to become Director of National Intelligence . Seat won by Republican Pat Fallon .[ 15]
Incumbents defeated
In primary elections
Eight incumbents lost renomination in 2020, the most in a non-redistricting year since 1974.[ 16]
Democrats
Three Democrats lost renomination.
Illinois 3 : Dan Lipinski lost renomination to Marie Newman , who went on to win the general election.[ 17]
Missouri 1 : Lacy Clay lost renomination to Cori Bush , who went on to win the general election.[ 18]
New York 16 : Eliot Engel lost renomination to Jamaal Bowman , who went on to win the general election.[ 19]
Republicans
Five Republicans lost renomination.
Colorado 3 : Scott Tipton lost renomination to Lauren Boebert , won the general election.[ 20]
Florida 15 : Ross Spano lost renomination to Scott Franklin , who won the general election.[ 21]
Iowa 4 : Steve King lost renomination to Randy Feenstra , who won the general election.[ 22]
Kansas 2 : Steve Watkins lost renomination to Jake LaTurner , won the general election.[ 23]
Virginia 5 : Denver Riggleman lost renomination in a district convention to Bob Good , who won the general election.[ 24]
In general elections
Democrats
Thirteen Democrats, twelve of whom were freshmen, lost re-election to Republicans.
California 21 : TJ Cox (first elected in 2018) lost to David Valadao .
California 39 : Gil Cisneros (first elected in 2018) lost to Young Kim .
California 48 : Harley Rouda (first elected in 2018) lost to Michelle Steel .
Florida 26 : Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (first elected in 2018) lost to Carlos Giménez .
Florida 27 : Donna Shalala (first elected in 2018) lost to Maria Elvira Salazar .
Iowa 1 : Abby Finkenauer (first elected in 2018) lost to Ashley Hinson .
Minnesota 7 : Collin Peterson (first elected in 1990) lost to Michelle Fischbach .
New Mexico 2 : Xochitl Torres Small (first elected in 2018) lost to Yvette Herrell .
New York 11 : Max Rose (first elected in 2018) lost to Nicole Malliotakis .
New York 22 : Anthony Brindisi (first elected in 2018) lost to Claudia Tenney .
Oklahoma 5 : Kendra Horn (first elected in 2018) lost to Stephanie Bice .
South Carolina 1 : Joe Cunningham (first elected in 2018) lost to Nancy Mace .
Utah 4 : Ben McAdams (first elected in 2018) lost to Burgess Owens .
Republicans
No Republicans lost re-election.
Open seats that changed parties
Democratic seats won by Republicans
One Democratic seat was won by a Republican.
Iowa 2 : Won by Mariannette Miller-Meeks .
Libertarian seats won by Republicans
One Libertarian seat was won by a Republican.
Michigan 3 : Won by Peter Meijer .
Republican seats won by Democrats
Three Republican seats were won by Democrats.
Georgia 7 : Won by Carolyn Bourdeaux .
North Carolina 2 : Won by Deborah K. Ross .
North Carolina 6 : Won by Kathy Manning .
Open seats that parties held
Democratic seats held by Democrats
Democrats held twelve of their open seats.
Republican seats held by Republicans
Republicans held thirty-two of their open seats.
Crossover seats
This is a list of congressional seats that voted for one party in the 2020 presidential election and another in the 2020 House elections.
Democratic
Seven districts were won by Donald Trump in the presidential election and Democrats in the House elections:
Republican
Nine districts were won by Joe Biden in the presidential election and Republicans in the House elections:
Closest races
Seventy-seven races were decided by 10% or lower.
Election ratings
Special elections
There were five special elections in 2020 to the 116th United States Congress , listed here by date and district.
District
Incumbent
This race
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Maryland 7
Elijah Cummings
Democratic
1996
Incumbent died October 17, 2019. New member elected April 28, 2020 . Democratic hold.[ 26]
California 25
Katie Hill
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned November 3, 2019 amid ethics investigation. New member elected May 12, 2020 in a runoff.Republican gain .[ 27]
Wisconsin 7
Sean Duffy
Republican
2010
Incumbent resigned September 23, 2019 for family health reasons. New member elected May 12, 2020 . Republican hold.[ 27]
▌ Y Tom Tiffany (Republican) 57.2%
▌ Tricia Zunker (Democratic) 42.8%
New York 27
Chris Collins
Republican
2012
Incumbent resigned October 1, 2019 due to federal insider trading conviction. New member elected June 23, 2020 . Republican hold.[ 28]
▌ Y Chris Jacobs (Republican) 51.8%
▌ Nate McMurray (Democratic) 46.6%
Georgia 5
John Lewis
Democratic
1986
Incumbent died July 17, 2020. New member elected December 1, 2020 after no candidate received a majority vote in the September 29, 2020 blanket primary. Democratic hold.[ 29]
Election dates
These are the election dates for the regularly scheduled general elections.
State or territory
Filing deadline[ 30]
Primary election[ 30]
Primary run-off (if necessary) [ 30]
General election
Poll closing (Eastern Time) [ 31]
Alabama
November 8, 2019
March 3, 2020
July 14, 2020
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Alaska
June 1, 2020
August 18, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
1:00am
Arizona
April 6, 2020
August 4, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Arkansas
November 12, 2019
March 3, 2020
Not necessary
November 3, 2020
8:30pm
California
December 6, 2019
March 3, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
11:00pm
Colorado
March 17, 2020
June 30, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Connecticut
June 9, 2020
August 11, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Delaware
July 14, 2020
September 15, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Florida
April 24, 2020
August 18, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:00pm[ e]
Georgia
March 6, 2020
June 9, 2020
August 11, 2020
November 3, 2020
7:00pm
Hawaii
June 2, 2020
August 8, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
11:00pm
Idaho
March 13, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Illinois
December 2, 2019
March 17, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Indiana
February 7, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
6:00pm
Iowa
March 13, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Kansas
June 1, 2020
August 4, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Kentucky
January 10, 2020
June 23, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:00pm
Louisiana
July 24, 2020
November 3, 2020
N/A
December 5, 2020[ f]
9:00pm
Maine
March 16, 2020
July 14, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Maryland
January 24, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Massachusetts
May 5, 2020
September 1, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Michigan
May 8, 2020
August 4, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Minnesota
June 2, 2020
August 11, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Mississippi
January 10, 2020
March 10, 2020
June 23, 2020
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Missouri
March 31, 2020
August 4, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Montana
March 9, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Nebraska
March 2, 2020
May 12, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Nevada
March 13, 2020
June 9, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
New Hampshire
June 12, 2020
September 8, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
New Jersey
March 30, 2020
July 7, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
New Mexico
March 10, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
New York
April 2, 2020
June 23, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
North Carolina
December 20, 2019
March 3, 2020
June 23, 2020
November 3, 2020
7:30pm
North Dakota
April 6, 2020
June 9, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Ohio
December 18, 2019
April 28, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:30pm
Oklahoma
April 10, 2020
June 30, 2020
August 25, 2020
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Oregon
March 10, 2020
May 19, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Pennsylvania
February 18, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Rhode Island
June 24, 2020
September 8, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
South Carolina
March 30, 2020
June 9, 2020
Not necessary
November 3, 2020
7:00pm
South Dakota
March 31, 2020
June 2, 2020
Not necessary
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Tennessee
April 2, 2020
August 6, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Texas
December 9, 2019
March 3, 2020
July 14, 2020
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
Utah
March 19, 2020
June 30, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
10:00pm
Vermont
May 28, 2020
August 11, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:00pm
Virginia
March 26, 2020
June 23, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:00pm
Washington
May 15, 2020
August 4, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
11:00pm
West Virginia
January 25, 2020
June 9, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
7:30pm
Wisconsin
June 1, 2020
August 11, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
Wyoming
May 29, 2020
August 18, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
9:00pm
District of Columbia
March 21, 2020
June 2, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
8:00pm
American Samoa
September 1, 2020
N/A
N/A
November 3, 2020
3:00am
Guam
June 30, 2020
November 3, 2020[ g]
N/A
November 17, 2020
5:00am
Northern Mariana Islands
August 5, 2020
N/A
N/A
November 3, 2020
5:00am
Puerto Rico
January 5, 2020
August 16, 2020[ h]
N/A
November 3, 2020
4:00pm
U.S. Virgin Islands
May 12, 2020
August 1, 2020
N/A
November 3, 2020
6:00pm
Alabama
Alabama's results
Alaska
Alaska's result by state house district
Arizona
Arizona's results
Arkansas
Arkansas's results
California
California's results
Colorado
Colorado's results
District
Incumbent
This race
Location
PVI
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 44] [ 45]
Colorado 1
D+21
Diana DeGette
Democratic
1996
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Diana DeGette (Democratic) 73.6%
▌ Shane Bolling (Republican) 23.5%
▌ Jan Kok (Approval Voting) 1.9%
▌ Paul N. Fiorino (Unity) 0.6%
▌ Kyle Furey (Libertarian) 0.3%
Colorado 2
D+9
Joe Neguse
Democratic
2018
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Joe Neguse (Democratic) 61.5%
▌ Charlie Winn (Republican) 35.4%
▌ Thom Atkinson (Libertarian) 2.6%
▌ Gary Swing (Unity) 0.5%
Colorado 3
R+6
Scott Tipton
Republican
2010
Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold.
Colorado 4
R+13
Ken Buck
Republican
2014
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Ken Buck (Republican) 60.1%
▌ Ike McCorkle (Democratic) 36.6%
▌ Bruce Griffith (Libertarian) 2.3%
▌ Laura Ireland (Unity) 1.0%
Colorado 5
R+14
Doug Lamborn
Republican
2006
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Doug Lamborn (Republican) 57.6%
▌ Jillian Freeland (Democratic) 37.4%
▌ Ed Duffett (Libertarian) 3.4%
▌ Marcus Murphy (Independent) 0.9%
▌ Rebecca Keltie (Unity) 0.8%
Colorado 6
D+2
Jason Crow
Democratic
2018
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Jason Crow (Democratic) 57.1%
▌ Steve House (Republican) 40.0%
▌ Norm Olsen (Libertarian) 2.1%
▌ Jaimie Kulikowski (Unity) 0.9%
Colorado 7
D+6
Ed Perlmutter
Democratic
2006
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Ed Perlmutter (Democratic) 59.1%
▌ Casper Stockham (Republican) 37.6%
▌ Ken Biles (Libertarian) 2.7%
▌ David Olszta (Unity) 0.6%
Connecticut
Connecticut's results
Delaware
Delaware's result by county
Florida
Florida's results
Georgia
Georgia's results
Hawaii
Hawaii's results
District
Incumbent
This race
Location
PVI
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 54] [ 55]
Hawaii 1
D+17
Ed Case
Democratic
2002 (special) 2006 (retired) 2018
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Ed Case (Democratic) 72.0%
▌ Ron Curtis (Republican) 28.0%
Hawaii 2
D+19
Tulsi Gabbard
Democratic
2012
Incumbent retired to run for U.S. president . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Kai Kahele (Democratic) 63.0%
▌ Joe Akana (Republican) 30.9%
▌ Michelle Tippens (Libertarian) 2.5%
▌ Jonathan Hoomanawanui (Aloha Aina) 2.4%
▌ Ron Burrus (Independent) 1.0%
▌ John Giuffre (American Shopping) 0.2%
Idaho
Idaho's results
District
Incumbent
This race
Location
PVI
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 56] [ 57]
Idaho 1
R+21
Russ Fulcher
Republican
2018
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Russ Fulcher (Republican) 67.8%
▌ Rudy Soto (Democratic) 28.6%
▌ Joe Evans (Libertarian) 3.6%
Idaho 2
R+17
Mike Simpson
Republican
1998
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Mike Simpson (Republican) 64.1%
▌ C. Aaron Swisher (Democratic) 31.7%
▌ Pro-Life (Constitution) 2.2%
▌ Idaho Sierra Law (Libertarian) 2.0%
Illinois
Illinois's results
Indiana
Indiana's results
Iowa
Iowa's results
Kansas
Kansas's results
Kentucky
Kentucky's results
Louisiana
Louisiana's results
Maine
Maine's results
Maryland
Maryland's results
Massachusetts
Massachusetts's results
Michigan
Michigan's results
Minnesota
Minnesota's results
Mississippi
Mississippi's results
Missouri
Missouri's results
Montana
Montana's result by county
Nebraska
Nebraska's results
Nevada
Nevada's results
New Hampshire
New Hampshire's results
New Jersey
New Jersey's results
New Mexico
New Mexico's results
New York
New York's results
North Carolina
North Carolina's results
North Dakota
North Dakota's result by county
Ohio
Ohio's results
Oklahoma
Oklahoma's results
Oregon
Oregon's results
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's results
Rhode Island
Rhode Island's results
South Carolina
South Carolina's results
South Dakota
South Dakota's result by county
Tennessee
Tennessee's results
Texas
Utah
Utah's results
Vermont
Vermont's result by county
District
Incumbent
This race
Location
PVI
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 123] [ 124]
Vermont at-large
D+15
Peter Welch
Democratic
2006
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Peter Welch (Democratic) 67.3%
▌ Miriam Berry (Republican) 27.0%
▌ Peter Becker (Independent) 2.3%
▌ Marcia Horne (Independent) 1.2%
▌ Christopher Helali (Communist) 1.0%
▌ Shawn Orr (Independent) 0.5%
▌ Jerry Trudell (Independent) 0.5%
Virginia
Virginia's results
Washington
Washington's results
West Virginia
West Virginia's results
Wisconsin
Wisconsin's results
Wyoming
Wyoming's result by county
District
Incumbent
This race
Location
PVI
Member
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 133] [ 134]
Wyoming at-large
R+25
Liz Cheney
Republican
2016
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Liz Cheney (Republican) 68.6%
▌ Lynnette Grey Bull (Democratic) 24.6%
▌ Richard Brubaker (Libertarian) 3.8%
▌ Jeff Haggit (Constitution) 2.9%
Non-voting delegates
American Samoa
District of Columbia
District
Incumbent
This race
Delegate
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates[ 136]
District of Columbia at-large
Eleanor Holmes Norton
Democratic
1990
Incumbent re-elected.
▌ Y Eleanor Holmes Norton (Democratic) 86.83%
▌ Patrick Hynes (Libertarian) 2.82%
▌ Barbara Washington Franklin (Independent) 2.24%
▌ Omari Musa (Socialist Workers) 1.92%
▌ Natale Lino Stracuzzi (DC Statehood Green) 1.68%
▌ Amir Lowery (Independent) 1.51%
▌ David Krucoff (Independent) 1.43%
▌ John Cheeks (Independent) 0.88%
Guam
Northern Mariana Islands
Puerto Rico
The Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico is the only member of the United States House of Representatives who is elected for a four-year term.
United States Virgin Islands
See also
Notes
^ As well as the 6 non-voting delegates .
^ a b Letlow died from COVID-19 on December 29, 2020 before taking office .[ 25]
^ This seat was the tipping point seat for a Democratic majority.
^ Under California 's "jungle primary" system, the general election was between two Democrats.
^ Polling locations in the Florida Panhandle that are in the Central Time Zone close at 8:00pm Eastern.
^ Due to the primary system used in Louisiana, a December 5 runoff election determined the winner of any race where no candidate received more than 50% of the vote on November 3, 2020.
^ Because of the COVID-19 pandemic , Guam cancelled its August 29, 2020, primary elections. All three certified candidates appeared on the November 3, 2020 ballot with a runoff held on November 17, 2020.[ 32]
^ Because of a lack of ballots at about half of Puerto Rico's 110 voting locations, the August 9 primaries were suspended until August 16.[ 33]
^ Amash was elected as Republican. He left the party in 2019 and joined the Libertarian Party in April 2020.
^ Van Drew was elected as a Democrat and switched to the Republican Party in December 2019.
References
^ a b
Johnson, Cheryl L. (February 28, 2021). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 3, 2020" . Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives . Retrieved April 16, 2021 .
^ Galston, William A. (December 21, 2020). "Why did House Democrats under-perform, compared to Joe Biden?" .
^ a b Fram, Alan (November 10, 2020). "Dems clinch House control, but majority likely to shrink" . Associated Press. Retrieved November 12, 2020 .
^ Kilgore, Ed (April 6, 2021). "Democrats' Control of the House Is Increasingly Fragile" . Intelligencer .
^ Pramuk, Jacob (November 5, 2020). "Democrats are projected to lose House seats but keep their majority" . CNBC. Retrieved November 12, 2020 .
^ Pathe, Simone; Foran, Clare; Raju, Manu (November 5, 2020). "Some House Democrats fall while the party fails to flip some key suburban districts" . CNN. Retrieved November 13, 2020 .
^ Weissert, Will; Beaumont, Thomas (November 23, 2020). "How Democrats came up short in bid to expand House majority" . Associated Press. Retrieved November 24, 2020 .
^ Firozi, Paulina (November 11, 2020). "House GOP chipped away at Democratic majority. They can thank female candidates" . The Washington Post . Retrieved January 23, 2021 .
^ Kurtzleben, Danielle (November 13, 2020). "How A Record Number Of Republican Women Got Elected To Congress" . NPR.org . Retrieved January 23, 2021 .
^ Swers, Michele L. (January 5, 2021). "More Republican women than before will serve in this Congress. Here's why" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021 .
^ Roberts, William (November 18, 2020). "US Republicans grow more diverse in newly won House seats" . Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 5, 2021 .
^ Dzhanova, Yelena (January 7, 2020). "Rep. Duncan Hunter resigns from the House, weeks after pleading guilty to misusing campaign funds" . CNBC.
^ McPherson, Lindsey (September 11, 2020). "Georgia Rep. Tom Graves to resign, effective October" . Roll Call . Washington, D.C. Retrieved September 16, 2020 .
^ Lesniewski, Niels (March 30, 2020). "Rep. Mark Meadows resigns to become White House chief of staff" . Roll Call.
^ Gillman, Todd J. (May 21, 2020). "Divided Senate confirms Texas Rep. John Ratcliffe as director of national intelligence" . The Dallas Morning News.
^ Benen, Steve (August 19, 2020). "Yet another House Republican incumbent loses in a primary" . MSNBC. Retrieved August 30, 2020 .
^ Mutnick, Ally (March 18, 2020). "Rep. Dan Lipinski falls in Democratic primary" . Politico.
^ Fandos, Nicholas (August 5, 2020). "Cori Bush Defeats William Lacy Clay in a Show of Progressive Might" . The New York Times .
^ Hayes, Christal (July 17, 2020). "Powerful House chair Eliot Engel defeated by progressive newcomer Jamaal Bowman in stunning upset" . USAToday.
^ Harsha, Keagan (July 6, 2020). "Colorado primary winner Lauren Boebert meets President Trump, distances herself from QAnon" . KDVR.
^ Irwin Taylor, Janelle (August 18, 2020). "Scott Franklin ousts Ross Spano in CD 15, will take on Alan Cohn in November" . Florida Politics.
^ Sprunt, Barbara (June 3, 2020). "Iowa Rep. Steve King, Known For Racist Comments, Loses Reelection Bid" . NPR.
^ Panetta, Grace. "Embattled Kansas congressman Steve Watkins is ousted by primary challenger Jake LaTurner" . Business Insider .
^ Mutnick, Ally (June 14, 2020). "Rep. Denver Riggleman ousted in Virginia GOP convention" . Politico.
^ Hilburn, Greg. "Louisiana Congressman-elect Luke Letlow dies from COVID complications at 41" . The News-Star .
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